Steam-boiler



(No Model.)

G. R. A. STEARES.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 430,896. Patented June 24, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE E. A. STEARES, OF ENGLEWVOOD, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 430,896, dated June 24, 1890.

Application filed February 16, 1889- Serial No. 300,129- (No model.) I

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. A. STEARES, a citizen of theUnited States, residing atEuglewood, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam -Boilers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, in Which Figure l is a side elevation of one form of marine boiler, partly broken away to show the application of the invention thereto; and Fig. 2, a front elevation.

This invention is primarily designed for use with what are known or termed marine boilers, in which water-legs are employed; but it is to be understood that the invention can be applied to and used with other forms of steam boilers or generators without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The object of the invention is to insure a free, perfect, and continuous circulation of the water in the boiler, so that all liability of danger from non-circulation will be avoided; and its nature consists in providing conducting-pipes by which the water from the top of the boiler, where it is hot, will be taken and passed through the fire-pot to the point where cold water is supplied, whereby an increased temperature is had for the cold water, causing the same to ascend by reason of such increased temperature, and in carrying out my invention it is to be understood that the conducting-pipes can be arranged in various pipes starting from the cold water and passing through a fire-box to the top of the boiler; but in practice such circulation, if any, is very imperfect and unreliable, for the reason that the natural tendency of cold water is to descend and not ascend. I-Ience with a circulation which depends for its success on passing cold water up there will be the impediment to overcome of the tendency of cold water to descend, so that with this class of circulators suction must be depended on to create a flow, and such suction cannot be had, the result being that the water-pressure alone must be relied upon. The result with my invention is certain, for the reasonthat the supply comes from the hot- Water and is conducted to the cold water, producing a pressure by which the cold water must be carried to the top of the chamber through the increased temperature and the tendency of hot water to rise.

The drawings show a form of marine boiler with conducting-pipes applied thereto, and in the drawings A represents the outer shell of the boiler; B, the inner shell; 0, the waterspace between the inner and outer shells and extending into the legs and around the fines, as usual; D, the fire-pot; D, the grate, and D" the ash-pit; E, the due or passage from the firechamber to the rear chamber; F, the rear chamber G, the fines, and H the passage from the boiler to the steam-dome. (Not shown.)

The parts so far referred to can be of the usual construction of marine boilers having water-legs, and in which the cold Water is supplied through the legs, and for this reason the special construction and arrangement of the parts need not be specifically described.

I is a pipe or tube communicating with the interior of the boiler at a point below the'upper line of the fines G and extending through the boiler-shell A and having on its outer end a coupling a.

J is a pipe connected at its upper end with the coupling a and at its lower end with a coupling Z) at the front of the boiler, the pipe J being curved or bent so as to cause it to extend from the side of the boiler around in front thereof, and,if desired, instead of curving or bending the pipe J so as to bring it from the side to the front of the boiler such pipe may be made up of sections connected by suitable couplings to locate it on the side and front of the boiler. As shown, a'tube or pipe I and a tube or pipe J are provided for each side of the boiler, both pipes J coming together in the common coupling Z), and, as shown, each pipe J is provided with a shutoff valve 0, which can be of any suitable construction.

K is a pipe extending from the front to the rear of the boiler and standing in an inclined position, with the front end the lowest. This pipe K extends through the fire-box D, through E, and chamber F, and its ends project beyond the front and rearof the furnace. Each end of the pipe K passes through a thimble d at the front and rear, extending across the water-space of the boiler, as shown in Fig. 1

and the front end of the pipe K is screwthreaded into the coupling 1), and the rear end is screw-threaded into a coupling a, which coupling can be an ordinary T-coupling; or this rear end of the pipe can be screwed into the body of an ordinary shut-off valve, as shown in Fig. 1.

L is a pipe leading from the coupling for the rear end of the pipe K and entering the water-space in the leg of the boiler, as shown in Fig. 1.

The pipes I, J, K, and L furnish a commu nication from the top of the boiler to the wat-er-leg, and such communication permits hot Water to be supplied from the boiler to the water-legs, and these pipes I, J, K, and L can be connected in the manner shown or in any other suitable manner, so as to be water-tight and form a passage between the hot and cold water of the boiler, with suitable cut-offs or valves, by which the flow of water can be checked or stopped.

In operation,when the cut-offs or valves of the conducting-pipes are open, the water from the boiler will enter the pipe I and flow} through the pipe J toenter the pipe K and. be subjected to the heat of the fire and passing through such pipe K, and from the pipe i K the water will flow to the pipe L into the E water-leg, supplying the hot water to the cold f water, increasing the temperature of the cold water, by which the water will be forced through the water-passage C to the boiler, Q and as such water is heated by the supply ofj the hot water to the cold water the water de-- livered to the boiler will be in condition for; rapid conversion into steam. The waterflowing through the pipes I J enters the pipe K, and as such pipe is inclined upward from the 1 front to the rear a sufficient head will be given to the water while passing through the pipe K to carry it into the pipe L to enter the; water-leg with considerable strength and: force, by which the cold water in the leg will; be stirred up and agitated, so as to increase 1 its buoyancy and produce increased results in flowing to the steam-space of the boiler; through the passage 0, and as the pipe K is of a continuous piece, extending from the front to the rear of the boiler, it will be seen i that there are no joints on the inside to be affected by heat, and as the connections at the ends of the pipe K are outside they are in position where they can be readily overhauled and repaired, and another advantage is that the pipes J and L permit of a sulficient play to allow expansion and contraction of the pipe K without affecting the condition of the pipe inside of the boiler, and a still further advantage is that the connections and valves for the conducting-pipes are all outside of the boiler, where they are readily accessible. The main feature of the invention is, however, the supplying of hot water for mixture with the cold water to force the cold water by expansion to enter the boiler, and this without the use of any suction or other force except the force exerted by the hot Water itself. The pipe K, passing through the furnace of the boiler, is subjected to the heat of such furnace, by which the water in the pipe will be made hot, and as such water is forced into the cold Water the temperature of the cold water will be raised, so that in first starting the boiler generation of steam is had much quicker than with the old method, from the fact that the cold Water at the bottom is delivered with an increased temperature to the top of the boiler for the more ready conversion into steam, and, again, by delivering the water as provided for with my invention the temperature of the boiler will be maintained at all points, thereby preventing to a great extent the effects of expansion and contraction of the boiler-tubes, as is the case where cold water is delivered around such tubes, which prevents wrenching of the joints of the tube and consequent leaking; and, again, by supplying warm water to the generating-chamber of the boiler will enable the steam to be maintained at a much less expenditure of heat than where cold water is supplied, as the cold water naturally reduces the temperature of the hot Water, requiring additional heat and more time to generate the steam.

It will be seen that with my invention and the advantages pertaining thereto the efficiency of a boiler or generator is largely increased, and at the same time the liability of explosion is decreased.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with ,a boiler, of a conducting-pipe for hot Water, leading downward from the top of the boiler, and a supply-pipereceiving hot water from the conducting-pipes and leading through the fire-box, thereby increasing the temperature of the hot water and communicating with the cold-water supply for the boiler, whereby hot water from the boiler is supplied to the cold water to create a circulation through the boiler by expansion without suction, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, in a boiler, of hot-wa-' ter pipes, one for each side of the boiler, each communicating with the interior of the boiler and leading downward, a pipe leading through the fire-box and boiler from front to rear with an upward inclination and connected with the hot-water pipes from the boiler, and a pipe leading from the fire-box pipe to the cold-Water supply for the boiler for producing a free circulation through the boiler by expansion without suction, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, in a stean1-boiler,of an outlet-pipe for hot Water, leading from the boiler at the upper part thereof, a supply-pipe leading through the fire-box and boiler from front to rear and connected With the hot- Water-outlet pipe, and a pipe leading to the cold-Water supply for the boiler from the fireboX pipe, and suitable connections for the several pipes for connecting the hot and cold water of the boiler and producing a circulation by expansion alone, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination, in a boiler, of the pipe J, communicating with the boiler atits upper end, the pipe K, connected With the pipe J and passing through the boiler from front to rear, and the pipe L, connected with the pipe J and communicating with the cold-Water part of the boiler, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a circulator for steam-boilers, the combination of a continuous pipe leading through the fire-box of the boiler and from end to end of the boiler, hot-water outlet pipes from the top of the boiler, connected to the fire-box pipe outside of the boiler, and a pipe from the fire-boX pipe to the cold-Water supply for the boiler, with connections outside of the boiler, whereby expansion and contraction is had Without injurious efiects, substantially as specified.

6. In a circulator for steam-boilers, a continuous pipe leading through the boiler firebox and projecting at each end beyond the boiler, and connections for the pipe ends for the attachment outside of the boiler of a supply-pipe for hot Water from the boiler, and a pipe leading to the cold-water supply, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7. In a circulator for steam-boilers, a pipe leading through the boiler fire-box from end to end of the boiler, With an upward inclination from front to rear, and receiving a supply of hot Water from the boiler and subjecting such Water to heat for delivery to the cold-Water supply, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

GEORGE R. A. STEARES.

YVitnesses:

O. W. Bonn, M. L. PRICE. 

